In The
fair use doctrine; History, application, and implications for (new media)
writing teachers Martine Rife says “Perhaps it is not so much a question of
who owns writing but a question of own owns the right to regulate writing, to
construct the standards and frameworks that shape practice” (174). In doing so
she is locating the power of copywrite not in those who produce writing but in
those who control, create, and enforce those laws. As such a large part of what
we do in our classroom and in our work remains at the discretion of those who
define and enforce fair use doctrines. As we work within these systems how can
we use our positions as educators and writers to push back against these power
limits? Can we take back some of the power by teaching a greater understanding
of the law and its limits? Do we risk getting our classes bogged down in legal technicalities
so much that we begin to constrict our student’s own authorial power? What
might a lesson focused around fair use look like? Could it take a critical voice
of fair use by pushing against fair use’s boundaries?
Throughout Plagiarism, Originality, and Assemblage Selber and Johnson-Eilola
come back to the idea that “The common practice of remixing visual elements
common in design thus asks that teachers consider raising the status of remixed
elements in verbal texts so that we no longer automatically subordinate quotation
the original text” (387). Central to their thesis is this idea that we
currently rank original text higher than quoted text in importance. I wonder
how they note the original text as different than the whole text presented to
the instructor. How might we consider a text, and its use of quotes and references,
to be original not only in its individual argument but also through its use of referenced
material? Do we grade a paper partially on its use of quotes and citation
beyond just its ability to meet community standards? Does a text’s skillful use
of its referenced material not also constitute part of the originality of the
text itself? If we do already grade text this way then how might we make this clearer
in our grading criteria? Could we both re-emphasize our priorities as well as
address some of Selber and Johnson-Eilola’s concerns by re articulating our
goals for students or would considering reference use part of a text originality
not address the concept of the remix directly enough to solve problems
presented in their article?
Hi Adam,
ReplyDeleteIn response to your second question, I think that referenced material should be evaluated not on a basis of how "good" the quoted text is (it wouldn't make too much sense for me to be lauded if I copied a brilliant quote from another author) but on how the different ideas are expounded upon and connected with each other. Students should strive to make different texts speak with one another, maybe in ways that the original authors didn't even initially intend for their words. If a student can draw a lot out of their quoted texts than I think as a whole that the parts of a composition that deal with referenced materials should be held to as just a high regard as entirely original material.